If you just listen to background music, new shows, etc., you can use the cheap audio cables that come in the package with your audio components. But only if you are not too concerned about sound quality and what components you are hooking up to the cables. Usually you will invest about 5-7% of the systems cost in your cables. This is usually adequate. Several types and many brands of audio cables can be found.
The true audiophile believes that only the best will do, and they will commit the dollars to obtain cables that are not only sturdier, but provide optimum performance of their audio system. You can spend hundreds of dollars for audio cables, audio interconnect and gold plated connectors, but to the audio elitist the price is worth it, not only for the sound quality, but also for bragging rights. Still to many of us, it is hard to justify the added expense for the improved sound quality.
The four different types of cables are analog audio cables, audio video cables, audio speaker cable and digital cables. Their job is to move a signal from one point to another without unchanged. This is accomplished along with minimizing losses, through control of the amount of Resistance, Inductance and Capacitance at audio frequencies.
For passing analog line-level audio signals between components, RCA connections are used. RCA audio cables are grouped in stereo pairs, with one connection for the left audio channel and one for the right. For line level analog interconnects it’s a good idea to use cables that are low in capacitance and are well shielded to eliminate interference and external noise sources from mitigating into the signal
Video Cables are possibly the most critical cables since the signals that pass through them are at very high frequencies. The higher it is, the more critical to have a proper impedance, proper shielding and good terminations that audio-video cables should provide. So, a video cable must be well shielded and must keep the proper typical impedances.
Audio Speaker cables are usually fairly thick, and have two conductors; they can be tipped with spade lugs, metal pins, banana plugs or just bare wire. One needs to ensure that there is the tightest connection of the cable to amp and loudspeaker to minimize contact resistance. One should always remember to keep the speaker cable runs as short as possible and not to loop excessive cables as this may slightly increase cable inductance.
There are two basic types of digital audio cables, optical and coaxial. Digital audio signals are transmitted as pulses of light by optical cables, while coaxial digital cables transfer digital audio signals. Coaxial digital cables look like standard analog RCA cables, and are usually a single cable, but analog RCA cables have normally double plugs, providing stereo audio. These both, optical and coaxial are a special group of cables.
Investment on cables for audio equipment depends on one’s sound quality requirement, which depends on background music/news etc. For improved/better sound quality sturdy costlier specialized cables are to be bought. The four different cables available in the market are analog audio cables, audio video cables, audio speaker cable and digital cables. They move signals from point to point with minimum signal loss by controlling resistance/Inductance/capacitance. RCA connections used for analog audio signals use low capacitance cables eliminating interference/noise. Video Cables pass high frequency signals that require adequate shielding/solid terminations/proper impedance. Speaker cables are short/thick and require low inductance. Digital cables transmit digital audio signals.